Sample Chapter: PRMS and Its Gas Details

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CHAPTER 1: PRMS AND ITS COMPONENT

Pressure Regulatory and metering skid (PRMS) is a machine made of several valves component, unit pipe and electronic box (traducer) for pressure regulating, metering of gas, pre-heating and measuring of gas based on the supply customer parameter.

The aim and objective of PRMS is to ensure continuous flow of Gas to the customer base on the lay down pressure parameters.

1. 2 TERMS ASSOCIATED TO PRMS
2. METERING: The means a meter is been used to measure how much gas is consumed
3. GAUGE: A device for measuring the amount or size of gas flow.

iii. STREAM: The prolong channel supply gas to the customer

1. VENTING: A process by which gas is release through an opening for pressure normalization
2. SKID: A stationary mounted PRMS on the located site
3. STATION: The located site at which the PRMS is mounted

vii. CABIN: The well-furnished container sited for the PRM technicians

viii. MECHANICAL VOLUME: This is the volume of quantity of gas flow measure along the consumption line. Without putting in to account pressure and temperature

1. BASE VOLUME: This is the measure quantity of gas flow along the consumption line by electronic volume converter (EVC) putting in to account the effect of pressure and gas temperature. 
2. GAS PRESSURE/TEMPERATURE: This intensive property of gas, it determines the quality of gas flow along the gas pipeline. 

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1.3. COMPONENT OF PRMS

1.3.1 Regulatory Value: These are valve used to control pressure they are mechanical valves that use feedback to control pressure in both pneumatic and Hydraulic system. These are basically two types of regulators. Back pressure regulator for upstream pressure and pressure reducing regulator for downstream pressure. 

1.3.2 OPRATIONAL PRINCIPLE OF A REGULATORY VALVE (PRMS)

In general, the pressure regulatory valve is used in PRMS unit for limiting the pressure at specific location in an oil and gas system lower or limited to customer desire pressure. The regulator consists a spring-loaded spool which control the outlet pressure of valve.

The valve inlet port is connected to the main circuit and the valve outlet port is connected to the to the branch circuit of the pipe unit. An adjusting screw and pressure setting will be done in pressure regulatory and metering skid (PRMS) using the adjusting screw.

Gas is transmitted through a one-way internal passage and therefore exerts the force of pressure over the spool against the spring. Valve is then open as the exerted pressure force by the gas is lower than the spring thrust force as illustrated below.

1.3.3 POSSIBLE FAULT PERCULIAR TO PRESSURE REGULATOR

1. Part wears out: these occur due to over stress of the internal component part a as result of continuous pressure fluctuation.
2. Pressure leak: These faults occur when the diaphragm or any of the seals fail.

iii. Regulator Malfunction: these can occur due to blockages that restrict flow beyond the intended amount which result to accumulation of gas deposit.

1. Part stiffness: These are the situation in which the turning mechanisms of the regulator become stiff thereby causing stagnant pressure control in the system.

1.3.4 Maintenance of pressure Regulatory valve 

1. Check the broken or leaking pilot system
2. Check for air in pilot system

iii. Clean dirty strainers screen 

1. Replace plugged fittings
2. Test main valve diaphragm
3. Perform pilot check- Among others

MAINTENANCE COMPONENT OF VALVES

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